In addition to formal aggregation in litigated settings, such as with class actions, the work addresses a broader array of cases that are bundled together and settled or tried to test the value of related claims.

This work strives to reduce uncertainty for parties obliged to litigate in unfamiliar surroundings and promote fairness in judicial judgments.

See also Restatement in the Courts, 1948 supplement, which contains additional material amending some of the text in this restatement.